There are more than 3,000 fundamental movements in Taekwon do, these fundamental movements use all parts of the body and are performed with the theory of Power of Taekwon do. The student will practice these movements regularly with the goal of mastering each one of them, defensive and attack movements alike, so that they will be available when needed.
When practicing fundamental movements the student must strive to use good technique, demonstrating balance, co-ordination, and good finishing.
Students tend to neglect the practice of the fundamental movements and the importance of being a beginner is often overlooked by newcomer's to Taekwon do and other Martial Arts.
Strong fundamentals are the building blocks to success and if learned correctly a student will always progress in Taekwon do.

Patterns

The patterns in Taekwon-Do are choreographed sets of movements that record punching,kicking and close quarter grappling techniques,patterns are the basic building blocks of the art they teach the various stances and attacking and defending techniques, but they also teach how to move and shift your weight distribution, develop technique, condition muscle and build strength, improve concentration and practise breathing control.

Sparring

There are two types of sparring: step sparring and free sparring
The step sparring techniques are generally methods of familiarizing the students with the fundamentals of kicking, punching, and blocking movements. With these techniques, the students will learn to develop and manage their reaction time, and later on builds their aptitude for accurate counterattacks by way of targeting the very important spots of the opponents.
There are three levels of step sparring: 3-step for beginners, 2-step or intermediate, and 1-step or advanced. The goal is to help the student understand the purpose of the movements, to master interaction with the opponent regarding stances and distances, to develop faster reflexes and instantaneous response in self-defense.

Free Sparring

Free sparring is not pre-arranged. There is no prescribed number of steps or movements. It is essentially open combat with controlled attacks using all available means and methods, their are two kinds of free sparring , sport sparring using competition regulations and self defence sparring that involves low kicks and grappling techniques.